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Chen Shui-bian (; born October 12, 1950) is a retired Taiwanese politician and lawyer who served as President of the Republic of China (Taiwan) from 2000 to 2008. Chen's election ended more than fifty years of Kuomintang (KMT) control of the Executive Yuan in Taiwan. A native-born Taiwanese, he is colloquially referred to as A-Bian (阿扁; Ābiǎn). A lawyer, Chen entered politics in 1980 during the Kaohsiung Incident as a member of the Tangwai movement and was elected to the Taipei City Council in 1981. He was jailed in 1985 for libel as the editor of the weekly pro-democracy magazine ''Neo-Formosa'', following publication of an article critical of Elmer Feng, a college philosophy professor who was later elected a Kuomintang legislator. After being released, Chen helped found the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) in 1986 and was elected a member of the Legislative Yuan in 1989, and Mayor of Taipei in 1994. Chen won the 2000 presidential election on March 18 with 39% of the vote as a result of a split of factions within the Kuomintang, when James Soong ran for the presidency as an independent against the party nominee Lien Chan, becoming the only non-member of the Kuomintang to hold the office of president. Although Chen received high approval ratings during the first few weeks of his term, his popularity sharply dropped due to alleged corruption within his administration and the inability to pass legislation against the opposition KMT, who controlled the Legislative Yuan. In 2004, he won reelection by a narrow margin after surviving a shooting while campaigning the day before the election. Opponents suspected him of staging the incident for political purposes. However, the case was officially closed in 2005 with all evidence pointing to a single deceased suspect, Chen Yi-hsiung. Convicted, along with his wife Wu Shu-chen, on two bribery charges, Chen was sentenced to 19 years in Taipei Prison, reduced from a life sentence, but was granted medical parole on 5 January 2015.〔Staff writer, with CNA and AFP. "(Chen Shui-bian released )." ''Taipei Times''. Tuesday, January 6, 2015 - Page 1. Retrieved on January 6, 2015.〕〔Staff Writer, with CNA. "(Chen Shui-bian now prisoner No. 1020 )." ''Taipei Times''. Saturday December 4, 2010. Page 1. Retrieved on May 17, 2013.〕 Chen's supporters have insisted that his trial was an unfair and politically motivated retribution by the Kuomintang for his years in power.〔()〕 ==Early years== Chen was born to an impoverished tenant farming family in Guantian Township of Tainan County (now part of Tainan City) on the second day of the ninth lunar month in 1950 but was not formally issued a birth certificate until February 18, 1951 because of doubts that he would survive.〔McCarthy, Terry ("Profile of a President" )'', Time Asia, March 27, 2000''〕 Chen was educated in Mandarin Chinese, which had replaced Japanese as the national language following the end of the Japanese occupation of Taiwan.〔Lam, Peng-er, p. 251. "However, Chen Shui-bian, like most Taiwanese of his generation, does not speak Japanese. Chen's generation was educated in Chinese, a policy spearheaded by the KMT regime to resynthesize Taiwan after more than half a century of Nipponization."〕 Academically bright from a young age he graduated from the prestigious National Tainan First Senior High School with honors. In June 1969, he was admitted to National Taiwan University. Initially a Business Administration major, he switched to Law in his first year and became editor of the school's law review. He passed the bar exams before the completion of his junior year with the highest score becoming Taiwan's youngest lawyer. He graduated in 1974 with an LL.B. in Commercial Law. In 1975, he married Wu Shu-chen, the daughter of a physician. The couple have a daughter, Chen Hsing-yu, who is a dentist; and a son, Chen Chih-chung, who, having received a law degree in Taiwan, gained a Master of Laws from the University of California, Berkeley in 2005.〔(Taiwan Quick Take: Chen's son graduates, again ), ''Taipei Times, 2006-05-15''. Retrieved 2006-10-22.〕 From 1976 to 1989, Chen was a partner in Formosa International Marine and Commercial Law, specializing in maritime insurance. He held the firm's portfolio for Evergreen Marine Corporation. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Chen Shui-bian」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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